Karri Ann Frerichs, PR Director of Altitude Promotions interviews San Francisco jewelry designer John S. Brana backstage at "Bella Bikini Fashion Show" by Charleston Pierce at Temple nightclub. Rich hues of the softest Italian mesh metal ribbon is embellished with precious and semi-precious stones or pearls and is available by the piece or in sets of over 30 different colors. John also describes his process of anticlastic metal raising that he uses to produce beautiful one-of-a-kind Sterling Silver, Copper, and 14K and 18K Gold Cuffs and Earrings.

Click here to view the Monterey Collection

San Francisco jewelry designer John S. Brana talks about his handmade beaded gemstone collection backstage at "Bella Bikini Fashion Show" by Charleston Pierce at Temple nightclub. Dynamic shapes and countless layers of richly textured semi-precious gemstones define this show stopping statement jewelry collection which also features gold vermeil, 14K gold, 18Kgold, and fine and sterling silver. For those who love a statement piece, the Barbary Coast collection is perfect for those who choose to build an ensemble around their jewelry.

Click here to view the Barbary Coast Collection

In its native state, Gold is always a golden-yellow and is way too soft to wear.  That being said, gold is usually alloyed with other metals to increase its hardness for use in jewelry.   While there are many color varieties of gold on the market, rose, white, or green gold do not occur naturally, but are a result of alloying yellow gold with various other metals (copper, silver, zinc, nickel, platinum, palladium).

Pale or white gold results when either silver, platinum, nickel, zinc, or palladium are added.  White gold is actually "gray-white" almost steel-like in color and was originally developed to imitate platinum at a fraction of its price and is substantially harder than yellow gold. In the United States, nickel based white gold alloys are predominantly used by the jewelry industry. In Europe, both nickel and palladium based white gold alloys are used.  Most skin irritations caused by wearing white gold occur due to the nickel content.   If you like favor the look of white gold, be sure to ask your jeweler if the white gold is a nickel based alloy to prevent any potential allergic reactions.

 Adding copper yields rose, red, or pink gold and iron gives gold a blue tinge.  Blue gold is an alloy of between 18K to 23K yellow that contains the remainder karat weight in small amounts of iron and nickel.  The purity of alloy gold is expressed as its karat value, defined as the proportion of pure gold metal present in the alloy.  Therefore, 24K gold is pure gold (actually 99.99 percent as one cannot guarantee an absolute purity), 12K gold is 50% purity, 18K gold is 75% purity.

Throughout human history, gold has been the most prized of metals.  Golds brightness and color are highly attractive, gold is extremely malleable, and it’s usually found in nature in a relatively pure form.  All of these qualities and properties have made gold exceptionally valuable.  Gold is also remarkably inert (not chemically active) and gold neither bonds nor reacts with most chemicals, so it naturally resists tarnishing. 

Since the civilizations of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, people have been using gold.  In ancient times, gold was almost exclusively recovered from river and stream beds and placer deposits (open-pit mining), where particles of gold weathered from its original rock.  Gold is rarely found in well formed crystals, but more commonly gold occurs as dendritic growths and as grains and scaly masses.  Virtually all igneous rocks contain gold in low concentrations, where it occurs mostly as invisible, disseminated grains.  Within the Earth’s crust, Gold’s abundance is estimated at roughly 0.005 parts per million. 

One unusually rich concentration of gold minerals was discovered at the famous Colorado gold-rush town of Cripple Creek in 1891 by a cowboy and part-time prospector, which later transformed the sleepy ranching community into one of the world’s richest gold camps.  Three mines still operate today:  Mollie Kathleen, the Cripple Creek Mine, and the Victor Gold Mine. 

Large masses of rock rich enough to mine only for the gold are rare.  Usually, Gold is mined typically in two ways:  hydrothermal veins, where gold is associated with quartz and pyrite (commonly referred to as Fool’s Gold); and placer (open-pit mining) deposits.  Smaller quantities of gold often occur in copper and lead deposits, where gold is recovered as a byproduct  in the refining of the primary extraction metal.

The pricipal ancient sources of gold were southern Sudan and egypte.  Major sources in Europe during the Middle Ages were the mines of Saxony and Austria.  The largets single gold-ore body known to the modern world is located in South Africa’s Witwatersrand.  Thalf of the Earth’s known gold reserves are in South Africa, with other large deposits in Russia, Brazil, Canada, Australian, and the U.S.